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Trace Profiling Schema

Chronologue uses profiling metadata to measure, evaluate, and improve agent behavior over time. Inspired by execution profiling systems like CUDA’s CUPTI, this schema enables precise tracking of when agent actions are executed, how well they align with planned time, and how users respond. Profiling is essential for trust, tuning, and feedback-driven refinement in agent orchestration.

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1. Introduction

  • Profiling provides runtime visibility into execution latency, feedback alignment, and temporal coherence.
  • It applies to all traces involving scheduled or autonomous agent behavior, such as agent_plan, calendar_event, and reflection.
  • This schema standardizes profiling for auditability, learning, and reward modeling.

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2. Profiling Objectives

  • Measure timing accuracy: Compare scheduled_for vs. executed_at
  • Track duration: How long execution took
  • Detect temporal misalignment: With respect to tempo_tokens
  • Support user feedback integration: Ratings, flags, comments
  • Enable time-aware optimization: Align planning with real-world timing constraints
  • Support retries and agent fallbacks: Track execution attempts and failures

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3. Core Profiling Fields

FieldTypeDescription
schema_versionstringVersion of the profiling schema (e.g. v1)
executed_atstringTimestamp when the action completed
duration_msnumberMilliseconds from start to finish
deviation_msnumberDifference from scheduled_for (can be negative)
tempo_tokenstringTime anchor for plan evaluation (e.g., <tempo:EveningReview>)
tempo_alignmentstringEnum: exact, partial, misaligned
feedback_scorenumberUser rating (1–5) post execution
reward_signalnumberOptional numeric score derived from feedback and tempo adherence
agent_latency_msnumberTime taken by the agent/LLM to generate output
user_delay_msnumberTime from agent action to user response (e.g., feedback)

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4. Execution Result Metadata (Optional)

FieldTypeDescription
statusstringOne of: completed, failed, skipped, cancelled
return_typestringType of object produced: trace, text, error
trace_idstringUID of resulting trace (if applicable)
planned_bystringSource of plan (agent name, model ID, or user)

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5. Retry and Attempt Tracking

Chronologue supports structured retries. Each execution attempt can be recorded:
FieldTypeDescription
attempts[]arrayList of execution attempts, each with its own executed_at, duration_ms, status, and feedback_score
This is useful for debugging fallbacks, retries, or user rescheduling flows.

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6. Embedded Profiling Format

Profiling metadata is stored as an optional nested object in traces. Example: 
{
  "uid": "agent-plan-789",
  "type": "agent_plan",
  "scheduled_for": "2025-05-11T20:00:00Z",
  "content": "Reflect on the day",
  "profiling": {
    "schema_version": "v1",
    "executed_at": "2025-05-11T20:03:12Z",
    "duration_ms": 182000,
    "deviation_ms": 192000,
    "tempo_token": "<tempo:EveningReview>",
    "tempo_alignment": "partial",
    "feedback_score": 4,
    "reward_signal": 0.7,
    "agent_latency_ms": 2300,
    "user_delay_ms": 8000,
    "execution_result": {
      "status": "completed",
      "return_type": "trace",
      "trace_id": "trace-789",
      "planned_by": "planner-v1"
    },
    "attempts": [
      {
        "executed_at": "2025-05-11T20:01:12Z",
        "status": "failed",
        "feedback_score": 1
      },
      {
        "executed_at": "2025-05-11T20:03:12Z",
        "status": "completed",
        "duration_ms": 182000,
        "feedback_score": 4
      }
    ]
  }
}

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7. Tempo Token Alignment Evaluation

Chronologue uses tempo_token matching to assess execution timing relative to user preferences or agent plan intent.
AlignmentDefinition
exactExecuted within ±15 minutes of target window
partialWithin ±90 minutes, not tightly aligned
misalignedMore than 90 minutes offset or outside token boundary

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8. Feedback and Reward Integration

FieldTypeDescription
feedback_scorenumberNumeric rating from 1 to 5
reward_signalnumberOptional derived reward (e.g., RLHF)
Agents can be optimized based on both execution accuracy and user perception of value.

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9. Implementation Notes

  • Profiling should be written post-execution by executor.py or a background queue.
  • Use schema_version to ensure future compatibility.
  • Avoid injecting profiling on static memory traces (e.g., unexecuted logs).
  • Store attempts[] only when retries or fallback logic is relevant.
  • Validate tempo_alignment against actual time + preferred token rules.

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10. Example Payloads

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On-Time Reflection with Positive Feedback

{
  "executed_at": "2025-05-09T19:00:12Z",
  "duration_ms": 180000,
  "deviation_ms": 12,
  "tempo_token": "<tempo:EveningReview>",
  "tempo_alignment": "exact",
  "feedback_score": 5,
  "reward_signal": 1.0
}

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Delayed Execution with Retry

{
  "executed_at": "2025-05-09T23:40:00Z",
  "duration_ms": 145000,
  "deviation_ms": 168000,
  "tempo_token": "<tempo:EveningReview>",
  "tempo_alignment": "misaligned",
  "feedback_score": 2,
  "reward_signal": 0.2,
  "attempts": [
    {
      "executed_at": "2025-05-09T22:00:00Z",
      "status": "failed"
    },
    {
      "executed_at": "2025-05-09T23:40:00Z",
      "status": "completed"
    }
  ]
}

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Rejected Plan (Not Executed)

{
  "executed_at": null,
  "duration_ms": 0,
  "deviation_ms": null,
  "tempo_token": "<tempo:MorningPlanning>",
  "tempo_alignment": "misaligned",
  "feedback_score": 1,
  "execution_result": {
    "status": "skipped",
    "planned_by": "user-001"
  }
}
Chronologue’s profiling schema creates a consistent and inspectable record of agent performance over time. It bridges scheduled intent with real-world execution, unlocking deeper optimization, personalization, and explainability across memory and planning systems.